Single-dose, immunogenic DNA (iDNA) vaccines coding for whole live-attenuated viruses are reviewed.This platform, sometimes called immunization DNA, has been used for vaccine development for flavi- and alphaviruses.An iDNA vaccine uses plasmid DNA to launch live-attenuated virus vaccines in vitro or in vivo.When iDNA is injected into mammalian cell
Background: This study quantified the fine-scale habitat requirements of Chrysoritis aureus, at 11 known habitats in Gauteng and Mpumalanga, South Africa, in order to make habitat management recommendations for this endangered species.Objectives: The habitats were quantified in terms of plant species composition and structure with reference to thei
Abstract The short squeeze of GameStop (GME) shares in mid-January 2021 has been primarily orchestrated by retail investors of the Reddit r/wallstreetbets community.As such, it represents a paramount example of collective coordination action on social media, resulting in large-scale consensus formation and significant market impact.In this work we
Background: Pencil grip can be defined via detailed descriptions of the variables constituting the grip and it commences in the preschool years with writing instruments and therefore relevant to graphologists, forensic medicine and anthropology.The purpose of this investigation was to describe the diversity of pencil grip patterns among student